A serene blue beryl, symbol of purity and calm seas. Brazil produces the finest, with Madagascar and Nigeria also notable sources.

Square, step-cut diamond with clipped corners, admired for vintage sophistication.

Rectangular cut with clean facets, often accenting larger stones.

A small loop attaching a pendant to a chain.

Rigid bracelet, sometimes hinged, often worn stacked.

Irregularly shaped pearl, prised for individuality and organic charm.

The most classic sapphire, embodying loyalty and wisdom. Kashmir, Sri Lanka, and Burma produce the most legendary shades.

The brightness and sparkle produced by a gem’s ability to reflect light.

A smooth, domed cut without facets, highlighting gems like opals, moonstones, and turquoise.

Unit of weight for gems, equal to 0.2 grams.

The combined weight of all gemstones in a jewel.

A carbon-fiber composite used in luxury watch cases for strength and lightness.

Famous sapphire from Sri Lanka, celebrated for its cornflower-blue glow.

The main gem in a jewel, designed as the focal point.

A gemological report verifying quality and authenticity.

The presence or absence of inclusions within a diamond or gemstone.

The international scale for diamonds: FL (Flawless), IF (Internally Flawless), VVS1/VVS2, VS1/VS2, SI1/SI2, I1–I3.

Golden quartz, glowing like sunlight, symbol of vitality.

Graded from D (colorless) to Z (light yellow or brown). Fancy colors form a separate category.

Rare treasures in hues: pink, blue, green, yellow, red, champagne, cognac.

Square or rectangular cut with rounded edges, romantic and antique-inspired.

The craftsmanship shaping a diamond’s brilliance. Grades: Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, Poor.

Pure carbon crystallised, hardest natural substance, symbol of eternity.

A composite stone made of two fused layers.

Dark, dense wood polished to a mirror finish, used as a luxury accent.

Lush green beryl, embodying renewal. The finest come from Colombia’s Muzo and Chivor mines, as well as Zambia. Its 'jardin' inclusions are admired as marks of authenticity.

Rectangular step cut emphasising clarity and elegance.

A glossy decorative finish created by fusing powdered glass to metal.

A ring fully encircled with gems, symbol of infinite love.

Flat, polished surface of a gem, designed to reflect light.

See Colored Diamonds.

A colorful gem, famous for glowing under ultraviolet light.

A family of gems with colors from deep red to vivid green. Tsavorite, from Kenya and Tanzania, rivals emerald in brilliance.

Any precious or semi-precious mineral or organic material fashioned for adornment.

Precious yellow metal, alloyed to produce white, rose, and green gold.

A necklace where stones increase in size toward the center.

Gem cut in the shape of a heart, symbol of romance.

The upper portion holding the gemstone, including prongs or bezel.

Internal features of a gem, unique to each stone, nature’s fingerprint.

Blue-violet gem, sometimes called the Viking’s Compass, used historically for navigation.

Gemstone revered in Asia for purity and harmony. Jadeite from Myanmar and nephrite from China are most prized.

Antique diamond cut with many facets, producing fiery brilliance.

A measure of gold fineness. 24K is pure gold, but 18K is ideal for jewellery.

The most legendary sapphire, famed for its velvety cornflower blue. Extremely rare and valuable.

Soft pink-violet gemstone, glowing under evening light.

Grey gem with blue-green flashes, known as labradorescence.

Deep ultramarine stone flecked with pyrite, treasured since antiquity as the 'stone of heaven.'

The quality of light reflected from a gem’s surface.

Iridescent shell from the sea, shimmering with blue, green, and violet hues. Used as

inlay for its ocean-like beauty.

A rare chrysoberyl that changes from green in daylight to red under lamplight. Discovered in Russia’s Ural Mountains, it is among the most magical of all gemstones.

Rich green mineral with banded patterns, resembling painted landscapes. Used in jewellery and objets d’art.

Long, narrow cut with pointed ends, designed to maximize size and elegance.

Mystical gem with a silvery-blue sheen, said to hold moonlight within.

Peach-pink beryl, associated with tenderness and romance.

French word for marquise cut, meaning 'little boat'.

The arrangement of stones within a necklace design.

Volcanic glass with natural sheen, often used for carved pieces.

A gradual blending of colors in gemstone settings or enamel.

A gem of rainbow fire. Australian black opals blaze dramatically, while Ethiopian opals shimmer with pastel hues. Each stone is unique.

An elongated brilliant cut, flattering and elegant.

A rare sapphire blending pink and orange, named after the lotus flower. Sourced in Sri Lanka and Madagascar, it is one of the most poetic gems.

A neon-blue tourmaline with an inner glow, colored by copper. First discovered in Brazil in the 1980s, later found in Mozambique and Nigeria. Among the most coveted gems in high jewellery.

Olive-green gem, called the 'gem of the sun' in ancient Egypt. Glows even under candlelight, earning the name evening emerald.

Noble white metal, enduring and naturally pure.

Claw-like setting element securing a gemstone.

A modern square cut combining geometry with dazzling fire.

Abundant mineral family including amethyst, citrine, rose quartz, and smoky quartz. Each variety offers unique color and character.

A square or rectangular cut combining brilliance with angular facets.

Raspberry-red garnet, lively and modern.

Antique cut with domed facets, soft glow resembling a rosebud.

An uncut gem, straight from the earth.

Fiery red corundum, symbol of power and passion. 'Pigeon blood' rubies from Burma are the most celebrated, with Mozambique now a leading source.

The most perfected diamond cut, maximizing sparkle.

The stone of truth and loyalty. The most desired sapphires hail from Kashmir, Sri Lanka, and Burma.

Sapphires also occur in pink, yellow, violet, and green. Each carries the durability of corundum with its own personality.

The way gems are mounted into jewellery, from prongs to bezels.

The circular band of a ring.

Gems set alongside a center stone, enhancing its beauty.

A gem once mistaken for ruby, now treasured for neon pinks, cobalt blues, and vivid reds. Burmese spinels are among the finest.

Displays a shimmering star effect, asterism, caused by rutile inclusions.

Cut with long facets, emphasizing clarity.

A violet-blue gem, found only in Tanzania. Shifts in hue depending on the light.

Quartz with silky golden bands, evoking a feline gaze.

Lightweight, strong metal, anodised in vibrant colors.

A kaleidoscope of colors, from greens and pinks to bi-colored watermelon varieties.

Triangular brilliant cut, bold and modern.

Sky-blue gem revered since antiquity. Persian and American turquoise are highly prised.

Device using sound waves to clean jewellery (not safe for all stones).

Rare green garnet, often seen as sparkling clusters.

Green variety of tourmaline, refreshing and vibrant.

Very Slightly Included, small inclusions visible at 10× magnification.

Very Very Slightly Included, inclusions almost invisible under 10×.

Bicolor gem with pink core and green rim, playful and rare.

Gold alloyed to achieve a silver-white tone, often rhodium-plated.

Analytical tool for determining elemental composition of metals and gems.

Fancy diamond in shades from lemon to deep canary. Warm, radiant, and joyful.

Golden corundum, symbolising prosperity and knowledge, prised in Sri Lanka.

Ancient gem with brilliance close to diamond. Found in Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania. Not to be confused with cubic zirconia.

Mineral family including tanzanite, found in shades of green, pink, and violet-blue.